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Posts by Collection
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publications
Difference or delay? A comparison of Bayley-III Cognition item scores of young children with and without developmental disabilities
Research in Developmental Disabilities, 2017
We demonstrate that children with developmental disabilities develop cognitive skills in a different order than typically developing children, which violates the assumptions of item response theory. This challenges the validity of developmental tests like the Bayley-III that presume a fixed sequence of skill acquisition.
E-ViL: A Dataset and Benchmark for Natural Language Explanations in Vision-Language Tasks
International Conference on Computer Vision (ICCV), 2021
We introduce e-ViL, a comprehensive benchmark for evaluating natural language explanations in vision-language tasks, and e-SNLI-VE, the largest dataset of its kind. We also propose a novel model that significantly outperforms previous approaches, advancing explainable AI for vision-language understanding.
Explaining Chest X-ray Pathologies in Natural Language
Medical Image Computing and Computer Assisted Interventions, 2022
We introduce MIMIC-NLE, the first dataset with natural language explanations for chest X-ray predictions, enabling intrinsically explainable medical AI. We demonstrate how these human-friendly explanations address critical limitations in current systems, potentially accelerating clinical adoption.
Certified Calibration: Bounding Worst-Case Calibration under Adversarial Attacks
New Frontiers in Adversarial Machine Learning - ICML, 2023
We introduce certified calibration, a novel approach providing worst-case bounds on neural classifier confidence under adversarial attacks. We demonstrate that existing defences do not protect calibration sufficiently, and provide analytic bounds for the Brier score and approximate bounds for Expected Calibration Error using mixed integer nonlinear programming.
A Stable, Fast, and Fully Automatic Learning Algorithm for Predictive Coding Networks
International Conference on Learning Representations (ICLR), 2024
We investigate predictive coding networks by developing a more efficient and stable training algorithm through a simple temporal scheduling change to synaptic weight updates. This incremental predictive coding approach not only provides theoretical convergence guarantees and improved biological plausibility, but consistently outperforms original formulations across image classification and language modeling tasks.
Fool Me Once? Contrasting Textual and Visual Explanations in a Clinical Decision-Support Setting
Empirical Methods in Natural Language Processing (EMNLP), 2024
Award: EMNLP Outstanding Paper Award
We investigate human-AI interaction by studying how healthcare professionals use different explanation types during chest X-ray analysis, finding text explanations induce over-reliance while multimodal approaches improve safety. This work marks a major step towards studying patient utility.
Shh, don’t say that! Domain Certification in LLMs
Socially Responsible Language Modelling Research (SoLaR) workshop @ NeurIPS, 2024
We introduce domain certification, a formal guarantee that accurately characterizes when language models stay within their intended operational boundaries. We demonstrate VALID, our effective approach that provides provable defense against adversarial inputs through meaningful certificates that ensure models remains within its intended domain, even under attack.
Towards Certification of Uncertainty Calibration under Adversarial Attacks
International Conference on Learning Representations (ICLR), 2025
We tackle the vulnerability of uncertainty quantification in neural classifiers to adversarial attacks and thus propose certified calibration to provide worst-case bounds on confidence under perturbations. We develop novel calibration attacks that enable adversarial calibration training, demonstrating improved model uncertainty quantification in safety-critical applications.
Shh, don’t say that! Domain Certification in LLMs
International Conference on Learning Representations (ICLR), 2025
We introduce domain certification, a new safety paradigm focusing on risk control for LLMs. We provide formal a guarantee that accurately characterizes when language models stay within their intended operational boundaries. We demonstrate a effective test-time algorithm, VALID, that provides scalable defenses for foundation models.
Benchmarking Predictive Coding Networks – Made Simple
International Conference on Learning Representations (ICLR), 2025
Award: ICLR Spotlight
We benchmark predictive coding networks extensively on large-scale tasks, providing critical insights into state-of-the-art performance limitations and theoretical challenges that must be addressed. We introduce PCX, a super fast and flexible open-source library that emphasizes performance and simplicity with a user-friendly interface, enabling the community to overcome fragmentation and tackle the critical scalability challenge.
talks
Talk 1 on Relevant Topic in Your Field
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Conference Proceeding talk 3 on Relevant Topic in Your Field
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teaching
Applied Machine Learning
Type: Doctoral Seminar
Department: Big Data Institute, University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Role: Class Tutor
Machine Learning
Type: Undergraduate & Postgraduate Course
Department: Department of Computer Science, University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Role: Class Tutor & Practical Instructor
Applied Machine Learning
Type: Doctoral Seminar
Department: Big Data Institute, University of Oxford
Year: 2023
Role: Class Tutor
Machine Learning
Type: Undergraduate & Postgraduate Course
Department: Department of Computer Science, University of Oxford
Year: 2023
Role: Class Tutor & Practical Instructor
Machine Learning
Type: Undergraduate & Postgraduate Course
Department: Department of Computer Science, University of Oxford
Year: 2024
Role: Class Tutor
Machine Learning
Type: Final Year Undergraduate Course
Department: Department of Engineering Science, University of Oxford
Year: 2025
Role: Practical Instructor